Download the data sheet Rising damp is connected to the phenomena of capillary rise in all the walls that are in direct contact with damp soil. The salts coming from the water are deposited at different heights depending on their solubility and their molecular weight. The saline products stay incorporated into the porosity of the material crystallising, increasing their volume and causing considerable internal pressures. As a result the following conditions occur: corrosion to the surface of the bricks, impoverishment of the mortar joints, detachment of the plaster parts and reduction of the mechanical properties of the materials. Because of its chemical nature, the water molecule constitutes a permanent electric dipole; it is a dielectric and diamagnetic substance, and the salts contained within the molecule give it the property to let the electric current through by ionic conduction. Thanks to these properties, it is possible to transmit a signal capable of blocking the capillary rise and dehumidify the wall structure. |
Porosity
Download the data sheet All the construction materials have in their mass small voids in the form of closed pores or small channels called capillaries. The porosity varies greatly from one material to another. |
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Capillarity |
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The phenomena of capillarity are observed in the contact zone of a liquid with a solid wall.
In this case a liquid molecule is subject to two types of forces:
the cohesion forces (exerted by the molecules of the surrounding liquid, which tend to retain the molecule inside the liquid) and the adhesion forces (exerted by the molecules of the solid, which tend to tear the molecule from the liquid);
Cohesion forces + Adhesion forces = Surface tension = Positive or Negative.
If the surface tension is positive, the surface of the liquid molecule curves upwards, up along the wall wetting it, as in the case of water.
If the surface tension is negative, it curves down, so the liquid does not wet the wall, as in the case of mercury. |
A wall becomes wet due to the increase of moisture and a series of physical causes, including the capillary forces.
These are the result of the equilibrium between the force of gravity and the attractive effect of the surface tension.
The water, having a positive surface tension, will normally tend to rise inside the capillaries.
The height level that the water reaches is calculated using the Jurin formula: |
We will consider capillary tubes with different internal diameters in a liquid that wets. |
The liquid rises until it reaches a certain height h, until the equilibrium is achieved between the weight of the liquid column moved and the capillary forces.
The height reached is inversely proportional to the diameter of the capillary and directly proportional to the surface tension.
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Salts present in the water |
The level of h also depends on the salt concentration.
When any salt dissolves in water, a solution is formed in which the phenomenon of electrolytic dissociation occurs, where a part of the molecules of the solute splits in two, forming many positive and negative ions that remain in the solution together with other molecules that are not dissociated.
All the solutions which have dissociated molecules are called electrolyte solutions or electrolytes. They have the property to let the electric current through by ionic conduction. It is known in chemistry that pure water is a very weak electrolyte; if instead there is the addition of salt, it is possible to obtain a saline solution such as that which rises from the ground towards the masonry and the water becomes more ionised because the dissociation of the molecules is higher. |
Download data sheet As a result of the electrostatic forces, the peripheral electrons of the atoms are no longer able to rotate on central orbits with respect to the nucleus, but on decentred orbits. The nucleus is therefore urged to move in the same direction in which the field acts. The attractive forces, which hold the peripheral electrons to their nucleus, will oppose these deformations; therefore, the atom will no longer appear electrically neutral, but will have two equal electric charges of opposite sign. |
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This system takes the name of electric dipole, whose axis coincides with the direction of the force lines of the field. The orientation polarisation, that is when the molecules themselves are not neutral, is added to the deformation polarisation, and therefore it is said permanent dipole. Therefore, the molecules will be attracted from the positive pole to the negative pole.
The water belongs to these substances. |
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The magnetic properties of the matter naturally depend on those of its molecules and therefore on the atoms and the peripheral electrons. Considering that the peripheral electrons rotate around their own nucleus, they constitute moving charges. What happens when a body is subjected to an external magnetic field? |
The molecules which have magnetically compensated electronic orbits will no longer remain neutral, but they themselves generate a magnetic field which is the opposite direction to the magnetising field, but its intensity is very weak (a phenomenon known as "Larmor precession"). On the contrary, the molecules that do not have the magnetically compensated electronic orbits have the property to be attracted in the same direction of the activating magnetic field (a phenomenon known as "orientation polarisation").
The diamagnetic substances (water, copper, gold, silver) belong to the first type, so a weak force of repulsion is generated. The generation of the external polarising electromagnetic field is obtained through the tergo system that is able to generate a polarising field at a distance, and is capable of exciting the water dipole atoms as much as possible in order to obtain the maximum displacement towards the ground. |
The signal created by the bio-technology interacts with the water dipoles, generating the electromagnetic interactions that push the water dipoles towards the ground, definitively blocking rising damp and dehumidifying the walls. |
The range is spherical, therefore all the walls that are inside the sphere are dehumidified (external walls, internal walls, floors, underground structures and foundations). The timing depends on the amount of humidity water contained inside the walls, on the capillary types in the construction material and on the plaster, which the more breathable it is, the faster the evaporation and consequently the dehumidification. |
Thermography showing the capillary rising damp. |
We recommend removing the colourings and plaster in case they are badly deteriorated or detached, to a height of about 50cm higher than the maximum level of capillary rise.
Use natural hydraulic lime-based plaster, free of chemical bases or cement, lime colouring or silicates free of derived plastics or synthetic bases, after anti-salt treatment. In the case where the plaster was healthy, redo only the deteriorated colourings after the anti-salt treatment. |